This study examines the voices of Japanese subalterns within the framework of Kyosei relationships with dominant elites and the voices of Korean subalterns within mutually beneficial (“Sangsaeng”)relationships with dominant elites. It highlights a clear distinction between the two: Japan’s Kyosei theory is heavily influenced by biological symbiosis, whereas Korea’s Sangsaeng theory is not. On the other hand, both theories share the commonality of being primarily discussed within the religious and philosophical domains. Religious, philosophical, and biological theories of Kyosei have not posed significant challenges for Japanese subalterns, who tend to conform to the dominant class. Japan’s Kyosei theory can be characterized as the “Hinomaru-pattern pyramid Kyosei. ” The principle of this Hinomaru pattern pyramid Kyosei is “assimilation or isolation/exclusion.” Even when assimilation occurs, it is marked by “hierarchy, vertical fluidity within the same group, and isolation and competition among neighboring groups.” Within this framework, Japanese subalterns have expressed voices that conform to the dominant class. However, religious and philosophical Sangsaeng theories, being largely ideological, have limitations in explaining the strong resistance of Korean subalterns to oppression and discrimination. Therefore, the roots of Korea’s Sangsaeng theory can be found in the principles of the Taegeuk, based on the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory as articulated in the I Ching. The Taegeuk-pattern pyramid Sangsaeng principle emphasizes “integration and coexistence/conflict” and is characterized by “hierarchy, multidirectional fluidity towards all directions, and omnidirectional competition.” This structure allows for continuous change, embedding the potential for perpetual revolution. The voices of revolution and resistance, which have persisted amidst the discontinuities of modern and contemporary Korean history, originate from this Sangsaeng theory.